Khasiat Utama tanaman Mahoni bagi kesehatan

Mahoni | Swietenia mahagoni Jacq.



Pohon mahoni yang kita kenal sering sekali digunakan sebagai bahan dasar pembuatan mebel atau pohon ini sering kita jumpai di pinggiran jalan sebagai peneduh dan penghias kota. Namun tahukah Anda bahwa mahoni juga memiliki manfaat sebagai obat tradisional.



Kandungan flavanoid dari mahoni berkhasiat melancarkan peredaran darah, mengurangi kadar kolesterol, mengurangi penimbunan lemak pada dinding pembuluh darah, membantu mrngurangi rasa sakit, pendarahan dan lebam, serta bertindak sebagai antioksidan.



Saponinnya berguna untuk mengurangi lemak badan, meningkatkan sistem kekebalan tubuh, mencegah pembekuan darah dan kadar gula darah, serta menguatkan fungsi hati dan memperlambat proses pembekuan darah



Berikut ini penggunaan mahoni sebagai obat tradisional

1. Hipertensi

a. Siapkan 8 gram biji mahoni segar, kemudian seduh dengan 2 gelas air panas. Setelah dingin, saring lalu bagi menjadi 2 bagian. Minumlah setiap pagi dan sore

b. siapkan ½ sdt serbuk biji mahoni, kemudian seduh dengan ½ cangkir air panas, tambahkan 1 sdm madu. Minum selagi hangat, lakukan 2-3 kali sehari



2.Kencing manis

Siapkan ½ sdt serbuk biji mahoni, kemudian seduh dengan 1/3 cangkir air panas. Minum 30 menit sebelum makan selagi hangat. Lakukan 2-3 kali sehari



3.Kurang nafsu makan

Siapkan ½ sdt serbuk biji mahoni, kemudian desuh dengan 1/3 cangkir air panas, tambahkan 1 sdmmadu. Minum selagi hangat sebanyak 2-3 kali sehari



4.Demam dan masuk angin

Siapkan ½ sdt serbuk biji mahoni. Seduh dengan ¼ cangkir air panas, tambahkan 1 sdm madu. Minum selagi hangat sebanyak 2-3 kali sehari



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Mahogany

Swietenia mahogani (L.) Jacq.

WEST INDIAN MAHOGANY

Tao hua xin mu



Scientific names Common names

Swietenia mahogani Jacq. Mahogany (Engl.)

Cedrela mahogani L. Big leaf mahogany (Engl.)

  West Indian mahogany (Engl.)

  Madeira redwood (Engl.)

  Tao hua xin mu (Chin.)



Other vernacular names

CHINESE: Da ye tao hua xin mu.

FRENCH: Acajou d'Amérique, Acajou de Cuba, Acajou de Santo Domingo, Mahogany.

GERMAN: Amerikanisches Mahagoni.

JAPANESE: Ooba Mahoganii.

PORTUGESE: Aguano, Araputanga, Caóba, Caóba, Cedro-í, Mogno, Mogno, Mogno-Brasileiro

SPANISH: Aguano, Caoba de Cuba, Caobilla, Caoba de Santo, Chiculte, Coabillo, Cóbano, Gateado, Mogno, Orura.



Botany

Mahogany is a deciduous, erect tree growing to a height of 10 meters, with a heavy, dark-green, and dense crown. The trunk is more or less buttressed. Bark is dark gray and ridged. Young leaves when in the flush are pink, soon turning green. Leaves are alternate, smooth, compound, about 15 centimeters long, in 3 to 6 pairs, most often 5 pairs, of leaflets. Leaflets are inequilateral, ovate to oblong-ovate, 5 to 8 centimeters long and half as wide, pointed at the tip, broadly obtuse or rounded at the base. Flowers are greenish yellow, about 8 millimeters wide, borne in axillary panicles shorter than the foliage. Calyx is rim-like and the petals are oblong, less than 5 millimeters in length. Staminal tube is slightly reddish, thick, and nearly as long as the corolla. Fruit is large, cylindrical, barrel-shaped, woody, grayish-brown, rough and less than 12 centimeters long. Body of the fruit splits into five thick outer valves and five thinner inside valves. The outer valves fall off when ripe exposing closely packed seeds attached by the tips of their wings. Seeds are brownish, 5 to 7 centimeters long, with a broad and thin wing and a corky, thickened part containing the embryo.



Distribution

- Recently introduction in the Philippines.

- Cultivated for the commerce of its wood.

- Native of the West Indies.



Constituents

• The bark contains tannin; leaves contain seven phragmalin limonoids.

• Two new tetranortriterpenoids, mahonin and secomahoganin were isolated from the cotyledons of SM.

• Study yields 6-Desoxyswietenine, a tetranortriterpenoid from Swietenia mahogani.

• Study on the acidic polysaccharide isolated from the gum exudate yielded residues of D-galactose, L-arabinose, L-rhamnose and D-galacturonic acid.



Properties

• Considered astringent, antipyretic, abortifacient, depurative.







Uses

Folkloric

- Bark is antipyretic, tonic and astringent.

- Decoction of seeds used as abortifacient.

- Used for hypertension, amoebiasis, chest pains, parasitism, cancer.

- Used by Ifugao migrants for malaria, cough and miscarriage. (11)

- In India, bark extracts used as astringent for wounds.

- Used for malaria, anemia, diarrhea, fever and dysentery.

- In Africa, bark decoction used as febrifuge

Others

Wood: This is the true mahogany of commerce, yielding the highly prized reddish-brown wood. Because of its fast growth, it is much desired in Manila as a shade tree. In India, wood is a popular material for making of furniture, musical instruments, boats, caskets.



Studies

• Anti-Ulcer / Anti-H. Pylori: The Effect of Swietenia Mahogani (Mahogany) Seed Extract On Unidimensionalities Gastric Ulcers in Female Sprague-Dawley Rats: Study found a potential effect on the healing of gastric ulcers, attributed to the phospholipid and long chain unsaturated fatty acid content of mahogany seeds, with a healing effect similar to that of misoprostol. Results provide an attractive possibility for H. pylori therapy. (1)

• Hypoglycemic / Hypolipidemic: Study on streptozotocin and nicotinamide-induced type 2 diabetes in rats concludes that the ME of seeds of Swietenia macrophylla has hypoglycemic as well as hypolipidemic effect. (3)

• Antioxidant / Xanthine Oxidase Inhibition: Study of the methanol extract of Swietania mahogani exhibited both high free radical scavenging and xanthine oxidase inhibition activities. (4)

• Cytotoxic: Study on the cytotoxic activities of the crude ethanolic extracts of seed, bark and leaf of Sm and their various fractions showed promising results with the seed extract and some fractions showing the most significant cytotoxic properties. (5)

• Hepatoprotective: Study of an aqueous leaf extract of S. mahogani in chronic alcohol-induced liver injury in rats exhibited hepatoprotective activity. (8)

• Anti-Protozoal: In a study of 10 lectins screened for cytotoxic activity against Acanthamoeba sp. (a keratitis-causing amoeba) and Tetrahymena pyriformis, lectins from Schefflera odorata and Swietenia macrophylla were found to possess high cytotoxic activity against the test organisms. (9)

• Anti-Diabetic / Seeds: An ethanolic extract of sees produced significant reduction of blood glucose level. Histological examination of the pancreas showed retaining of islets and few degranulations of beta cells. (12)

• Hypoglycemic / Bark Extracts: Bark extract of mahogany was evaluated for invivo hypoglycemic activity against alloxan-induced diabetic rats. A hot water extract showed significant dose-dependent hypoglycemic effect compared to standard drug. Histopath study showed significant ß-cell count. (13)

• Antiulcer Activity / Ethanol-Induced Injury / Leaf Extract / Acute Toxicity Study: Study of an ethanol extract of leaves showed antiulcer activity against ethanol-induced gastric ulcer in rats. Pretreatment resulted in significant protection of gastric mucosa and increase in mucus production. Acute toxicity study did not show any toxicological signs in rats. (14)

• Gastroprotective / Seed Extract / Ethanol-Induced Injury: An ethanol extract of seed showed anti-ulcerogenic activity against ethanol induced gastric mucosal injury in rats, ascertained grossly and histologically. (15)



Availability

Wildcrafted.

Extracts and capsules in the cybermarket.

Khasiat Utama tanaman Majakan bagi kesehatan

Majakan | Quercus lusitanica Lamk.



Quercusfaginea

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Secara tradisional majakan dignakan dalam bentuk ramuan beberapa penyakit, yaitu mentruasi tidak teratur, wasir, keputihan, dll. Selain itu majakan juga sering digunakan sebagai campuran obat bersama tanaman lain yang berkhasiat dalam konsepsi.



contoh penggunaan majakan sebagai obat keputihan

5 gram daun delima putih

6 gram daun beluntas segar

5 gram tapak liman

1 gram majakan

110 ml air



bahan-bahan tersebut dicampur lalu diminum 1 kali sehari sebanyak 100 ml. ulangi selama 7 hari



dikarenakan kadar tanin yang cukup tinggi, ramuan ini sering mengakibatkan muntah. Gejala yang sering timbul karena kecarunan tanaman ini adalh pusing, gemetar, badan lemah, dan mencret.



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Familia: Fagaceae

Sinónimos: Quercus lusitanica auct. non Lam.

Nombre común: Quejigo, Roble carrasqueño

Lugar de origen: Península Ibérica y norte de África.

Etimología: Quercus, nombre latino de la encina, roble, etc. Faginea, del latín fagineus-a-um = parecido al haya, gén. Fagus.

Descripción: Árbol que puede alcanzar 20 m de talla, con la corteza grisáceo-pardusca o pardusca, muy rugosa, con grietas superficiales. Hojas alternas, marcescentes, a veces subpersistentes, coriáceas, ovadas, elípticas, trasovado-oblongas o lanceoladas, acorazonadas o atenuadas en la base, de 3-11 cm de longitud y 1.5-8 cm de anchura. Márgenes festoneados, dentados o lobulados, a veces con dientes agudos triangulares. Haz verde lustroso, glabrescente, y envés con tomento grisáceo, amarillento o blanquecino. 6-12 pares de nerviaciones. Pecíolo tomentoso de 4-20 mm de longitud. Amentos masculinos en grupos de 4-5. Flores femeninas generalmente en grupos sobre un corto pedúnculo. Bellotas cilíndricas de 1.5-3.5 cm de longitud, habitualmente en grupos, colocadas en medio de las hojas. Cúpula de escamas ovado-triangulares, aplicadas, tomentosas, que cubre a la bellota de un tercio a un quinto. Maduración anual.



Cultivo y usos: Su madera se ha empleado como combustible. Sus hojas y frutos son aprovechados por el ganado.

Khasiat Utama tanaman Merica bagi kesehatan

Merica | Piper nigrum L.



Selain dimanfaatkan sebagai pelezat makanan, lada diketahui dapat dijadikan obat tradisional seperti penambah nafsu makan, memperbaiki sistem pencernaan, meluruhkan keringat, meningkatkan sekresi lambung, meluruhkan flatus, mengurangi rasa mual, meningkatkan suhu tubuh, sebagi stimulan dan anti bakteri. Sementara itu lada hidam dapat digunakan sebagai obat konstipasi, diare, sakit telinga, ganggren, janttung, hernia, suara serak, gangguan pencernan, gigitan serangga, kesulitan tidur, ngilu sendi, gangguan hati, paru, bisul dalam mulut, dan sakit gigi.



Lada mengandung sedikit safrole, suatu senyawa karsinogenik ringan. Tidak dianjurkan untuk dikonsumsi oleh pasien bedah usus atau tukak lambung karena bersifat iritatif





Accession #: PIP-010-12-23-003

Author: L.

Family: Piperaceae

Common Name: Pepper Plant

Habit: Vine

Origin: India And Ceylon

Uses: Black and White Pepper used in cooking.

Garden Location: Torch Ginger Trails By Cannonball Trees

Khasiat Utama tanaman Mindi Keci bagi kesehatan

Mindi Kecil | Melia azedarach L.



Berikut ini penggunaan mindi sebagai obat tradisional



1. Cacingan

rebus kulit batang atau kulit akar segar sebanyak 90-120 gram, lalu minum



2. Skabies

campurkan bubuk dari kulit kayu/batang dengan cuka,lalu oleskan pada bagian yang luka



3. Kudis

a. Rebus kulit akar/batang, lalu airnya digunakan untuk mencuci bagian yang sakit

b. haluskan daun mindi, lalu oleskan pada bagian yang sakit, kemudian balut

c. bakar kulit



batang sampai hangus, lalu tumbuk hingga halus. Tambahkan air kapur sirih secukupnya. pakailah untuk menggosok bagian kulit yang keras



4. Darah tinggi

rebus daun mindi sebanyak 2-10 gram dengan menggunakan 6 gelas air sampai tersisa separuhnya. minum 3×1 gelas/hari.

catatan : tidak boleh digunakan kepada penderita gagal ginjal, hati, lambung, jantung, anemia dan kondisi badan lemah



5. Tumor, Kanker



Pada penggunaan berlebih akan mengakibatkan perut kebas, denyut jantung tidak teratur, tekanan darah menurun dan sesak nafas



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Melia azedarach



Family: Meliaceae

Distribution: Dry and coastal rainforests extending from tropical areas of Western Australia, the Northern Territory and Queensland to the south coast of New South Wales. Also occurs outside of Australia.

Common Name: White cedar

Derivation of Name: Melia...From the classical Greek name melia for the manna ash or flowering ash, referring to the similarity of the leaves to that plant.

azedarach...From the name of an ancient poisonous tree, Azadaracht, now unknown.

Conservation Status: Not considered to be at risk in the wild.

General Description:

Melia is a small genus of 2 species. Melia azedarach is the best known species with a wide natural distribution extending from China, India and Japan to Indonesia, Australia and the Pacific Islands. It is also a widely distributed weed species in many parts of the world. The Australian plants are classified as Melia azedarach var. australasica, although some cultivated plants may be non-native forms.



White cedar is a small to medium, deciduous tree from 6 to 35 metres in height. The bark is brown with narrow furrows which give a striped appearance. The leaves are bipinnate with oval to elliptical-shaped leaflets from 20 to 70 mm long and are dark green in colour. The leaves are usually shed in winter which makes this species one of the few Australian native trees that are winter-deciduous. The pink to lilac flowers are star-shaped, about 18 mm in diameter and have a chocolate scent. They occur in conspicuous clusters from the leaf axils, mainly during spring but flowering maty extend into summer. The flowers are followed by yellow clusters of fruit which are poisonous if eaten by humans and animals although many birds seem partial to them and are not affected.



This is widely planted and attractive shade tree which is hardy in a wide range of soils and climates. It can sometimes be attacked by hairy caterpillars which cause severe defoliation (larvae of the White Cedar Moth, Leptocneria reducta). It is hardy to at least moderate frosts.



Propagation can be carried out from seed which germinates well, without treatment. Cuttings of firm, current seasons growth should also be successful.

Khasiat Utama tanaman Petai Cina bagi kesehatan

Petai Cina | Leucaena leucocephala



Setiap 100 gram petai cina yang sudah tua mengandung 148 kalori, 10,6 gram protein, 0,5 gram lemak, 26,2 gram karbohidrat, 155 mg kalsium, 59 gram fosfor, 2,2 gram zat besi, 416 SI vitamin : A 0,23 mg, 2o mg vitamin B1 serta vitamin C.



Petai cina diketahui dapat menyembuhkan diabetes melitus, cacingan, luka baru, dan bengkak, serta dapat meningkatkan gairah seksual. Untuk diabetes melitus pengbatannya dilakukan dengan cara menyeduh 1 sendok bubuk petai cina dnegan air hangat, lalu minum 1 kali sehari





Plant Name

Scientific Name: Leucaena leucocephala

Synonyms: Acacia glauca, Leucaena glauca, Mimosa glauca, M. leucocephala

Common Names: White Leadtree, Lead Tree, Koa Haole, Ekoa, Leucaena, Horse Tamarind, Jumbie Bean, White Popinac

Plant Characteristics

Duration: Perennial, Evergreen

Growth Habit: Tree, Shrub

Hawaii Native Status: Introduced. This naturalized shade, fuel, forage, fodder, and soil improvement plant is native to Mexico, Belize, and Guatemala.

Flower Color: Creamy white

Height: Up to 20 feet (6 m) tall or more

Description: The flower heads are round, white, 3/4 inch (1.9 cm) in diameter puffballs of numerous white stamens with hairy, pale yellow anthers. The flowers are followed by clusters of linear, up to 7 inch (18 cm) long, flat, thin, drooping, green drying to papery brown bean pods with a bead necklace-like row of seed bumps. The seeds are flat, oval, and a rich glossy brown color. The leaves are bipinnately compound with small, green, narrowly oblong, point-tipped leaflets. The branches have brown, corky pores and are thornless, hairy when young, and brown and hairless when old.

Here in Hawaii, these common, drought tolerant plants grow in dry to well-drained mesic (moderately wet) disturbed areas at low elevations. These non-native plants produce huge quantities of seeds and are adaptable, extremely fast-growing, thicket-forming, and difficult to eradicate, making them a problem weed species.

Although very weedy, White Leadtree does have a number of uses, which is why it was originally deliberately planted here. These fast-growing trees can be used for erosion control and as shade for coffee plantations. This legume can also be used as green manure because it helps fix nitrogen in soil and enriches it. The foliage can be used as animal fodder and forage for ruminants. The wood can be used for firewood or for making charcoal. The hard, brown seeds can be drilled and used to make attractive necklaces.

Special Characteristics

Edible – The seeds and green seedpods are eaten in other countries, but they contain toxic mimosine and so should be cooked and prepared to remove most of the mimosine and only eaten occasionally in limited amounts.

Poisonous – The foliage and seeds contain the toxic amino acid, mimosine, which can cause hair loss, reduced thyroid function, goiter, infertility, and other health problems if regularly ingested. Some ruminants like sheep, cattle, and goats can safely eat this plant if they are accustomed to eating it and have the necessary rumen bacteria for it. Humans and non-ruminant animals can suffer hair loss and other health problems if they regularly consume this plant or make it a major portion of their diet.

Classification

Kingdom: Plantae – Plants

Subkingdom: Tracheobionta – Vascular plants

Superdivision: Spermatophyta – Seed plants

Division: Magnoliophyta – Flowering plants

Class: Magnoliopsida – Dicotyledons

Subclass: Rosidae

Order: Fabales

Family: Fabaceae – Pea family

Genus: Leucaena Benth. – leadtree

Species: Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit – white leadtree

Khasiat Utama tanaman Puyang bagi kesehatan

Puyang | Zingiber zerumbet



Tanaman ini telah lama dikenal sebagai campuran tanaman obat. Cabai puyang/lempuyang memiliki khasiat sebagai obat demam, rematik, asam urat, penambah nafsu makan, penambah tenaga, pereda nyeri, dan pereda sakit perut, obat pegal linu, sakit pinggang, meningkatkan stamina dan gairah seksual.



Berikut adalah berbagai campuran puyang untuk berbagai macam penyakit



1. Pegal di pinggang : cabai, puyang, mengkudu, adas, gula, dan asam kawak

2. Kaki mudah lemas : cabai, puyang, gula, dan asam

3. Pegal, linu : cabai, puyang, asam, dan gula

4. Cikalen : cabai, puyang, jehe, merica, dan kunci

5. Kesemutan : cabai, puyang, gula, dan asam

6. Pegal, panas dingin : cabai, puyang, kunir, temu ireng, dan temulawak

7. Pegal-pegal : cabai, puyang, jahe, kunir, dan adas pulosari

8. Pegal-pegal : cabai, puyang, merica, gula, dan empon-empon

9. Pegal, linu : cabai, puyang, kedawung, gula, dan asam kawak

10. Pegal-pegal : kedawung, keningar, cabai, puyang, kunir, dan jahe

11. Pegak-pegal, meyehatkan badan : cabai, puyang, kedawung, gula merah, dan garam

12. Meriang :cabai, puyang, kunir, asem, jahe

13. Hamil tua, pegal-pegal : cabai, puyang, beras, kunis, dan gula merah

14. Meningkatkan gairah seksual : cabai, puyang, jahe merah, lengkuas merah, adas, dan gula aren



catatan : dalam membuat ramuan cabai puyang, sebaiknya tidak menggunakan alat yang terbuat dari aluminium atau logam. Gunakan kuali untuk merebus.

Khasiat Utama tanaman Minyak Atsiri Lada Hitam bagi kesehatan

Minyak Atsiri Lada Hitam (Piper nigrum)



Marga : Piper aceae

Tingkat Keharuman : tinggi

Aroma : tajam dan pedas



Minyak atsiri yang dikandung diambil melalui proses penyulingan uap buah kering yang belum matang yang umumnya dikenal dengan nama biji merica hitam.



Minyak atsiri ini biasanya dicampur dengan biji wortel, menyan, buah anggur, lavender, jeruk lemon, marjoram, jeruk keprok, kemangi, jeruk nilam, mawar, kayu gaharu, vetiver



Khasiat

Antibakteri, antiseptik, anti kejang, antivirus, perangsang. Membantu mengurangi rasa sakit, menghilangkan gas, dan membantu mencernakan makanan, mendorong menghilangkan zat cair dengan merangsang air seni, mengurangi demam, tekanan darah rendah, menghasilkan kehangatan, dan kulit kemerahan, memperkuat limfa kecil maupun perut dan umumya untuk perangsang.



Selain itu minyak atsiri lada hitam juga digunakan untuk

1. Sakit otot, penyakit tulang, rematik, otot kendor, keseleo

2. Pembengkakan karena udara dingin

3. Kedinginan, demam, flu

4. Sembelit, diare, perut kembung, sakit pencernaan, menahan rasa sakit

5. Tekanan darah rendah, sirkulasi darah tidak lancar maupun selulit



Cara Pemakaian

Di kamar mandi, sebagai pengharum ruangan, untuk pijat